Control Of The Beet Armyworm Spodoptera exigua (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Utilized Four Minahasa Plant Extracts.

Abstract

The objective of this research was to determine the foremost effective concentration and also the most active extract of P.edule Reinw derived from the seed, R.communis derived from leaf, Z. officinale, and D.elliptica derived from the root; to evaluate the various extract concentrations on the treated larvae instar III, and to characterize the phytochemical contents of the foremost effective extracts fraction. This research using an experimental method to measure the most effective concentration and the foremost active extract. Moreover, the extracts n-hexane fraction (non-polar), and ethanol fraction (polar), were conducted with a randomized design. The study also was the check of phytochemical screening to find the presence of secondary metabolites in all extracts material. The LC_50-48h values were determined following probit analysis to calculate the death rate of larvae instar III when treatment is given. The results showed that seed extracts of P.edule and root extracts of D.elliptica showed the very best insecticidal activity with LC_50-48h values 12.25 mg/l and 12.30 mg/l, for twenty-four hours and forty-eight hours post-treatment, severally. The other extracts of R.communis with LC_50-48h values 17.25 mg/l and Z.officinale LC_50-48h values 25.50 mg/l were effectively too. The other results showed that the mortality of larvae instar III from S.exigua was highest utilize 1000 ppm n-hexane fraction (96.67 %) at 2 days after treatment, followed by utilizing 1000 ppm n-hexane fraction too derived from D.elliptica root extract (93,35%). Results conjointly showed that n-hexane fraction is that powerful against larvae of S.exigua, from P.edule n-hexane seed extract than the other potential extracts. The extracts tested positive for alkaloid, saponins, flavonoids, terpenoids, phenol, and tannins. P.edule seed extract and D.elliptica root extract was an efficient bioinsecticide exhibiting larvicidal and antifeedant properties of S.exigua (Hübner). Additionally work is critical to judge and characterize the active parts of the extract fractions and its effectualness within the field.